Calcium carbide (CACN) yog cov tshuaj lom neeg muaj kuab lom nrog cov tshuaj sib txig sib luag, acids, oxidizers, thiab lwm yam tshuaj.
1. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nrog dej
Calcium carbide reacts ua txhaum nrog dej, kev tsim khoomAcetylene roj (C₂H₂)ThiabCalcium Hydroxide (Ca (Oh) ₂):
CAC2 {{{+2 h2 o → C2 H2 ↑ + CA + CA (OH) 2 + TUB
Cov yam ntxwv:
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv zoo heev, tso tawm cov tshuaj acammene roj acetylene roj (tawg tawg hauv huab cua ntawm 2.5-81% siab).
Calcium hydroxide cov foos ua rau caustic, cov tawv nqaij / qhov muag khaus.
2. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nrog cov kua qaub
Muaj zog acids (piv txwv li, hcL, h₂so₄) hnov mob sai nrog Cac₂ los tso acetylene:
Hydrochloric acid: CAC2 {{{+2 hc → C2 H2 ↑ + CCL2
Sulfuric acid: CAC2 + H2 So4 → C2 H2 ↑ + Cas +
Kev twv: Acetylene roj muaj peev xwm ntws tau yog tias tov nrog huab cua thiab nthuav tawm cov txim taws lossis cua sov.
3. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nrog oxidizers
Calcium carbide reacts tawg nrog cov neeg sawv cev oxidizing muaj zog:
Chlorine (CL₂): CAC2 {{{+3 cl2 → ccl2}} CCL4 Tetrachloride (CCL₄).
Nitric acid (hnoos):
Tej zaum yuav ua rau cov kev txiav txim siab tawg, tso cov roj nitrogen oxides (NOTO) thiab acetylene.
4. Thermal Decomposition
At extremely high temperatures (>2300 Qib), CAC₂ Decompposes rau hauv Calcium thiab Carbon:
Cac2 Δ ca +2 c
Tsab ntawv: Qhov kev tawm tsam no tsis tshua pom kev lag luam vim yog cov kev mob hnyav uas yuav tsum tau ua.
5. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nrog hlau oxides
Thaum rhuab nrog hlau oxides (piv txwv li, fe₂o₃), CACT txo tus oxide rau cov hlau thiab tso acetylene:
CAC2 + FE2 O3 THAUM TSHAV KUB 2FE + SAO {6}} C2 H2 ↑
Siv hauv cov txheej txheem metallgical rau cov hlau rho tawm.
6. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ammonia
Kev tawm tsam qeeb nrog cov ntaub ntawv ammonia dawsAmmonium carbideThiab calcium hydroxide:
CAC2 {{{+2 nh3 ⋅h2 o ⋅h2 o → nh2 c2 + ca (huag) 2
7. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv leej txiv
Reacts nrog hydrogen sulfide (h₂s) lossis sulfides (piv txwv li, nAss) los tsim calcium sulfide thiab acetylene:
Cac2 + H2 S → Cas + C2 H2 ↑
Kev txiav txim kev nyab xeeb
Paj frammability: Acetylene roj yog cov nplaim taws heev; Zam kev qhib cov nplaim taws lossis cov txim taws.
Corrosive Brouproducts: Calcium hydroxide tuaj yeem ua rau kub taub hau hnab looj tes thiab qhov muag tiv thaiv.
Kev muab qhib: Kuas tau nyob rau hauv cov chaw muaj pa muaj zog kom tiv thaiv acetylene tsub zuj zuj.
