Kev tsim cov metallurgical silicon hmoov cuam tshuam nrog cov kauj ruam muaj kev lag luam kom ntseeg tau tias muaj kev coj zoo thiab zoo ib yam. Hauv qab no yog cov ncauj lus kom ntxaws ntawm cov txheej txheem:
1. Kev npaj ntawm cov ntaub ntawv raw
Thawj Cov Khoom Siv Raw:
Quartzite (Sio₂): Kev Purity Quartz Ore (ntau dua lossis sib npaug ntawm 98.5% SII₂).
Carbonaceous txo tus neeg sawv cev: Petroleum Coke, hluav ncaig lossis thee, uas ua raws li txo cov neeg sawv cev.
Kev Kho Mob Ua Ntej:
Quartzite yog crushed thiab ntxuav kom tshem tawm impurities (piv txwv li av nplaum, organic teeb meem).
Txo cov neeg sawv cev tau calmined los txo cov volatiles thiab txhim kho refishity.
2. Kev txo cov tshuab hluav taws xob hauv hluav taws xob ua kom sov
Ib qho tseem ceeb tiv thaiv:
Sio₂ + 2 C → si + 2 co ↑ (ntsuas kub).
Txheej Txheem Kauj Ruam:
Them nyiaj: Quartzite thiab cov pa roj carbon txo tau muab tso rau hauv cov tog ntoo arced arc rauv.
Cua sov ntawm elecades: Graphite electrodes tsim kom muaj cua sov kom yaj thiab rov ua kom sib xyaw.
Kev Tsim Kom Yooj Yim: Impurities (FE, AL, CA) tsim cov nplais thiab yog ib nrab tshem tawm.
Daim yasMolting Silicon (97-99% Purity) yog coj los ntawm hauv qab ntawm lub cub tawg thiab nchuav rau hauv kev ingots.
3. Refining (yeem)
Lub hom phiajTxo kev txo ntxiv ntawm impurities los ua kom siab dua silicon (piv txwv li 99.5% + purity).
Txojkev:
Slag lav: Ntxiv fluxes (piv txwv li Cao) los khi cov khoom seem ntawm cov impurities.
Roj ntxuav: Tshuab nrog oxygen lossis chlorine tshem tawm cov hlau impurities.
4. Crushing thiab ntsuam xyuas
Kev daj: Silicon Ingots yog mechanically tsoo mus rau hauv granules loj.
Kev sib tsoo: Cov granules muaj av rau cov hmoov uas siv pob mills lossis dav hlau.
Kev Ntsuam Xyuas: Cov lus tau muab cais los ntawm qhov loj me (piv txwv li 80-325 mesh) siv cov siieve vibes.
5. Kev ntxuav tu (rau cov ntawv thov Purity)
Tshuaj Ntsev Qeaching: Cov kua qaub ntxuav (HCL / HF) kom yaj cov kua oxide.
Directional Crystallization: Tshem tawm ntawm impurities los ntawm kev tswj crystallization (rau hnub ci / hluav taws xob qib silicon).
6. Kev tswj kom zoo thiab ntim khoom
Kev kuaj
Lub txim taws: Ntsuas kev ntsuas lub tsev nyob rau lub sijhawm (FE, AL, CA cov ntsiab lus).
Kev tsom xam me me: Ua raws li kev ua raws li cov particle loj li cas.
Kev Tswj Xyuas: Kom qhuav kom ya raws cov ntsiab lus tsawg dua los yog sib npaug rau 0.1%.
Lub thawv:
Muab ntim rau hauv noo noo-pov thawj hnab (25 kg lossis 1 tuj) kom tiv thaiv oxidation.
Daim Ntawv Cim Qhia Txog Qib (piv txwv, 553, 441), ntau ntau thiab cov ntawv pov hwm kev nyab xeeb.